鍾佳伶老師的歷程檔案

論文名稱	試析宋代童謠
發表日期	2012-06-01

[摘要] :
童謠係指兒童吟唱之歌謠。中國自堯舜時即已開始有童謠，然而明代以前的童謠，多與政治有密切的聯繫，對兒童而言，內容艱深難懂。即使如此，童謠卻能廣為流傳，主要是其形式簡短，語言流暢，節奏明快，能夠朗朗上口。目前可以收集到的宋代童謠共計有25首，其中多達16首與政治有關，又以北宋徽宗與南宋寧宗時最多，各有4首，而這兩個時期也是政局紛亂之際，童貫、蔡京、韓侂冑等奸臣當道，使得人們透過童謠表達內心的憤恨。此外，有6首童謠內容蘊含讖緯成分，具有預告、警示的作用。大體而言，由於宋代理學興起，童謠逐漸開始獨立發展，因此明代之後的童謠回歸以兒童為主，強調啟發兒童智能，因此宋代可以說是童謠發展的關鍵時期。

[英文摘要] :
Nursery rhyme refers to Sungs sung by children. The nursery rhyme before Ming Dynasty are more closely linked with politics so the content is esoteric for children. Even so, the nursery rhyme was able to spread widely, mainly due to its brief form, fluent verbal language and fast-pace rhythm so it is catchy and easy to learn. Currently, among the 25 Sung Dynasty nursery rhyme collected, up to 16 of them are about politics. There are especially more during the Emperor Huizong period of Northern Sung Dynasty and Emperor Ningzong period of Southern Sung Dynasty, each period has four politically relate nursery rhymes created during those periods, those two periods are also a time of chaotic political climate, hence, people express their resentment through the nursery rhyme. In addition, the contents of 6 nursery rhymes in Sung Dynasty contain “Ch’en-wei” ingredients which means they have the function of prophecy and warning. Broadly speaking, due to the rise of a Confucian school of idealist philosophy (Lixue School), nursery rhyme gradually began to develop independently, so nursery rhyme in Ming Dynasty returned to child-oriented, emphasizing in inspiring children’s intelligence, therefore, the Sung Dynasty can be said as the critical development period of nursery rhymes.