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暑假作業 11266 2014-09-18 11:09:35
文章名稱:
伸展運動之探討
Investigation of Stretching
作者名稱:
吳麗娟(Li-Chuan Wu) ； 歐陽秀(Yang-Hsiu Ou) ；
陳光紫(Kuang-Kzu Chen)
資料來源:
運動知識學報 ； 7 期 (2010 / 08 / 01) ， P84 - 92
內容摘要:
柔軟度的好壞與提升運動表現及維持個體良好生活型態有密切關係，而伸展運動能提升柔軟度進而提升運動表現，甚至具有降低以及預防運動傷害之可能效果。運動前後實施伸展運動做為熱身與緩和，為運動從業人員極力推薦的正確運動流程，而伸展也是提升柔軟度最好之方法。本研究目的在於探討不同伸展運動對於運動表現所引起的損益，從研究文獻來探討正反兩方的觀點，發現伸展在運動前進行，會對肌肉生理運作有負面的影響，不過伸展類型中的動態伸展，卻能提升運動表現及力量；伸展運動對於運動表現上的結論，大多指向長期施行伸展運動能增加肌肉量、提升運動表現，但是文獻大部分指出運動前單回合除了動態伸展外，其餘的伸展皆會造成運動表現下降，所以在運動前實施伸展之類型、動作，需視所從事運動項目不同來選擇。至於伸展對於預防運動傷害的用途上，許多學者的研究卻和一般大眾認知有著不一樣的結果；本文將以文獻探討之方式，來討論伸展運動對於運動表現與預防運動傷害的影響。
For every individual, flexibility is an essential element in enhancing sports performance and maintaining a good lifestyle. Stretching exercise has been deemed as an effective way to develop flexibility and thus enhance sports performance and prevent potential sports injuries. Therefore, implementation of stretching exercise before and after sports as a gentle warm-up is highly recommended.This study is aimed at investigating how different stretching exercises might influence sports performance. It is believed, according to some research, that stretching exercise, when done before a sport, will have a negative impact on physiology of muscular operation. However, dynamic stretching, different from other kinds of stretching exercise, is able to enhance sports performance and strength. Despite the significant increase on muscle mass and enhancement of athletic performance stretching exercise may bring about in the long run, all stretching exercises except dynamic stretching will lead to a decline in sports performance if taken as a warm-up followed by a sport. Therefore, considering the influence of stretching exercise on sports performance, it is advisable to choose a proper stretching exercise to go with the sport you are going to play. It is also shown that the public have different understanding from academics with regard to the prevention of sports injuries. This study will discuss how stretching can enhance sports performance and prevent sports injuries based on the findings in some research literature.
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暑假作業 11266 2014-09-18 11:07:52
文章名稱:
從新生活運動看國民改造－以兒童為中心
New Life Movement and Nation Reforming: Perspectives of Children
作者名稱:
梁雯晶(Wen-Ching Liang)
資料來源:
中正歷史學刊 ； 13 期 (2010 / 12 / 01) ， P1 - 37
內容摘要:
「新生活運動」為蔣介石自民國23年2月19日於南昌所發動的全國性改造人民生活習慣的運動，延續清末以來，知識分子所倡導的「國民改造」、對「新」的嚮往，以及「野蠻」與「文明」的模範建立等呼聲，第一次由國家力量實施全面性的改造。兒童具有「新」、「希望」、「未來」、「白紙」的特性，一向被視為國民改造的核心，本文以新生活運動角度切入，並以童子軍組織為例，觀察知識分子的言論及國家政策，如何對於兒童進行身體及思想層面的改造。
Chiang Kai-shek(蔣介石) launched the ”New Life Movement”(新生活運動) at February 13, 1943 in Nanchang(南昌), which was the national reform movement about the people's living habits. The movement responded to the promotion of ”National Reconstruction” from the Intellectuals in the late Qing dynasty, who desired for the ”New”, and the establishment of ”Barbarism” and ”Civilization” model. It was the first time that government carried out the comprehensive reforming. The children was characterized with ”New”, ”Hope”, ”Future”, ”White paper”, and were regarded as the core of the national reform. In this paper, with the perspective of the New Life Movement(新生活運動), and take the boy scout organization as the example, Observed how the children's body and thinking was reformed by the intellectuals comments and national policy statements.
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暑假作業 11253 2014-09-18 11:01:53
文章名稱:
國際太空法的基本原則
The Fundamental Principles of International Space Law
作者名稱:
侯權峰(Chuan-Fong Ho)
資料來源:
問題與研究 ； 42 卷 5 期 (2003 / 09 / 01) ， P165 - 207
內容摘要:
一九六七年的外太空條約所涵蓋的幾個原則是由幾個決議案所逐步構成，這些決議案包括第一七二一號決議案、一九六二號決議案、一八八四號決議案等。一九六七年的外太空條約可謂第一個針對外空活動及探測建立起規範綱領的條約，同時也是發展及建立國際太空法的里程碑，其嘗試去除國家對於太空及天體的主權主張。本文將探討一九六七年的外太空條約所載的下列數個原則 : 1. 全人類利益原則 ; 2. 探索及使用自由原則 ; 3. 不占有原則 ; 4. 和平目的使用太空原則。除此之外，本文亦將探討目前爭議頗大的人類共同繼承財產原則。
The 1967 Space Treaty is composed of a series of principles contained in a number of resolutions. These resolutions include, but are not limited to : Resolution 1721 A (X VI); Resolution 1962 (X Viii); and Resolution 1884 (X Viii). The 1967 Space Treaty is the first international treaty that establishes rules to regulate explorations and other activities in the outer space. The Treaty is also a landmark in the formulation of international space law in that it scrapes the notion that states can have claims of sovereignty in the outer space. This article analyzes the principles established in the 1967 Space Treaty, namely : 1. the benefit of mankind; 2. Freedom of exploration and use of outer space and celestial body ; 3. Non-appropriation of outer space or celestial body ; 4. Peaceful use of space and celestial bodies.
In addition, this article will discuss the controversial principle of'common heritage of mankind' contained in the Moon Treaty.
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暑假作業 11253 2014-09-18 11:00:00
文章名稱:
退向未来：小布什太空政策解读
From the Back Is Seen the Future: An Analysis of the Bush National Space Policy
作者名稱:
韦宗友(Zong-You Wei)
資料來源:
外交評論：外交學院學報 ； 2008 卷 2 期 (2008 / 04 / 25) ， P91 - 97
內容摘要:
本文详细考察了小布什政府新太空政策的主要内容及其政策实践。文章指出，尽管新政策与克林顿时期的太空政策具有一定的相似性，但无论是其政策的思想渊源、重点内容，还是政策目标都与克林顿太空政策大异其趣，体现了小布什政府在太空政策上对于拉姆斯菲尔德太空委员会报告的认同和对里根时代太空政策的某种“怀恋”。这一太空新政策实际上体现了持保守主义理念的小布什政府总的国家安全战略目标和意图。然而，从新政策在实践中遇到的国内外阻力来看，新政策试图独霸乃至“武器化”太空的企图将注定难以实现。
This paper examines in details the Bush administration's new space policy. The paper points out that under the seeming similarities between the Bush space policy and that of Bill Clinton, lie the fundamental differences between the two, both in underlying guidelines and main policy objectives. The Bush policy has accepted the main arguments of the Report of Donard Rumsfeld Space Commission, which argues for US space hegemony and space weaponization; and also shows some yearning for Reagan's space policy. It is in fact an embodiment of the overall strategy of the conservative Bush administration. After briefly examining the implementation of the new policy and the accompanying obstacles it faces at home and abroad, the paper argues that the attempted space weaponization and space hegemony implied in the new policy will be doomed to failure.
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暑假作業 11253 2014-09-18 10:58:33
文章名稱:
太空打靶的世界纪录
A Space Shot, a World Record
作者名稱:
潘厚任(Hou-Ren Pan)
資料來源:
自然雜誌 ； 27 卷 5 期 (2005 / 10 / 01) ， P274 - 277
內容摘要:
2005年7月4日。美国航空航天局发射的“深撞探测器”一举击中坦普尔1号彗星，创下了太空打靶的世界新纪录。为世人所瞩目。本文对空间科学在导弹、卫星和探测器等发射研究的历史作了回顾。并对这次太空打靶的过程和重要意义作了阐述。
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