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暑假作業 11253 2014-09-18 10:57:02
文章名稱:
太空经济及其社会影响
Space Economy and Its Societal Impacts
作者名稱:
丁言强(Yan-Qiang Ding) ； 丁文霞(Wen-Xia Ding) ； 赵文(Wen Zhao)
資料來源:
生態經濟 ； 2008 卷 7 期 (2008 / 07 / 01) ， P96 - 101
內容摘要:
越来越多的国家都在开发和应用空间系统，太空部门的发展催生了新兴的太空经济，太空产业及其下游活动产生了广泛而深刻的社会经济影响。2005年，世界范围的民用和军用空间计划预算总额约为480亿美元，空间产品与服务的商业收入大约为872亿～1132亿美元，太空经济的增长趋势日益显现。太空经济的下游应用活动通常远大于上游制造活动，2005年，空间产品制造（如卫星、火箭）和发射收入估计为350亿～360亿美元，空间相关服务（如卫星电视、GPS）估计为522亿～772亿美元。2007年全球太空经济收入总额达到2510亿美元，比2006年增长11%。在现代社会长期而重大的问题管理方面，空间基础设施的效益越来越明显，及时的卫星图像和通信联系有助于降低生命和经济损失。
An increasing number of countries are developing space systems and applications. The development of space sector has brought an emerging space economy into being. Space industry and its downstream activities have caused extensive and intensive impacts on economy and society. The trend of growth in space economy is increasing apparent. In 2005, worldwide commercial revenue from space products and services was around US$ 87.2-113.2 billion. The downstream application of space economy is usually far bigger than its upstream manufacturing activities. In 2005, revenue from manufacturing (e. g., satellites, rockets) and launching was estimated at around US$ 35-36 billion, and the space-related services (e. g., direct-to-home satellite television, GPS) were valued at US$ 52.2-77.2 billion. In 2007, the global space economic revenue totaled to US$ 25.1 billion, 11 per cent higher than that in 2006. Benefits from space infrastructure are becoming more evident in the management of long term and significant challenges of modern society. Timely satellite imagery and communications links can help stem catastrophic loss of lives and economic losses.
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暑假作業 11253 2014-09-18 10:55:08
文章名稱:
太空搭载卤虫诱变效应的AFLP分子标记检测
Genetic Analysis on the Effects of space-induced Artemia sinica with AFLP Method
作者名稱:
刘波(Bo Liu) ； 曾志南(Zhi-Nan Zeng) ； 叶金聪(Jin-Cong Ye) ； 林向阳(Xiang-Yang Lin) ； 郭明忠(Ming-Zhong Guo) ； 林光纪(Guang-Ji Lin)
資料來源:
臺灣海峽 ； 27 卷 4 期 (2008 / 11 / 15) ， P417 - 421
內容摘要:
本文比较研究了经过太空诱变的卤虫(Artemia sinica)同地面对照组卤虫4对选择性扩增引物的AFLP指纹图谱，旨在探讨用AFLP技术进行诱变个体遗传差异检测的可行性。其遗传相似系数用Nei的计算方法进行计算，遗传距离则用Lynch的计算方法进行计算。实验共检测出384个位点，分子量在50~1500bp之间，其中绝大多数片段为太空诱变组同地面对照组所共有，多态位点73个，占19.0%。遗传指纹图谱显示：经过太空诱变的群体与地面对照组相比，从整个基因组角度来看，其遗传差异并不明显，但是太空诱变组有2个个体的基因确实产生了较为显著的变异。研究结果表明：太空诱变能够不定向地促进基因的变异，是水产新品种选育的途径之一；AFLP技术不仅是各水产动物种质鉴别的有效手段，用于各种诱变个体的遗传差异研.究也是适宜和可信的。To explore the possibility of applying AFLP technology in analyzing genetic diversity of irradiated individuals, the AFLP fingerprinting of space-induced and control Artemia sinica were compared using 4 sets of selective primers for amplification. The genetic similarity coefficient was calculated by Nei's matching coefficient method with designed computer program, and the correspondingly average genetic distance (D) was calculated by Lynch's method to evaluate genetic structure. Amplification produced 384 distinctive and reproducible fingerprints that varied in length from 50 to 1500bp in experiments, most of those were shared by space-induced and control group. 73 loci were polymorphic and the proportion was 19.0%. Genetic fingerprinting indicated low genetic variations between space-induced population and control population in genome, but some distinct genetic diversity could be found in two individuals of space-induced group. Thus the present study demonstrated that space induction which is one of approaches for aquaculture breeding might cause variance in gene. AFLP technology is not only applicable in genetic studies within a species but also can be used in studies of phylogenesis and genetic diversity in aquatic animals
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暑假作業 11253 2014-09-18 10:53:16
文章名稱:
中国太空育种现状及其前景展望
The Present Status and Prospect of Space Breeding in China
作者名稱:
李世娟(Shi-Juan Li) ； 诸叶平(Ye-Ping Zhu) ； 孙开梦(Kai-Meng Sun) ； 鄂越(Yue E) ； 崔晓阳(Xiao-Yang Cun)
資料來源:
中國農學通報 ； 21 卷 1 期 (2005 / 01 / 05) ， P159 - 162
內容摘要:
太空环境条件特殊，可以使植物细胞发生突变，从而产生新物种。与常规育种方法相比较，此育种方法具有变异幅度大、稳定快、周期短等优点，不仅植株明显增高增粗，产量和品质也大为提高，中国已经育成如“赣早籼47号”、“赣棉12号”和“太空莲子”等多种的优良太空品种。今后除了继续重视农作物的品种培育外，还应加强树种和花卉的太空育种，只有牢牢把握未来的太空育种方向，才能保持中国在这一领域的世界领先地位。
The special environment in space may bring out plant mutation, so new species come into being. Comparing with conventional breeding techniques, space breeding possesses many virtues such as wider variation, stabilization more quickly and shorter breeding periods etc., it not only make plant higher and stronger, but also improved the yield and quality. China has been bred many excellent space species like ”Ganzaoshan No. 47”, ”Ganmian No. 12” and ”space lotus” etc. Aftertime scientist of space breeding should attach importance to tree and flower besides crop. Only holding the future space breeding direction, can china keeping one-up level in this domain.
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暑假作業 11253 2014-09-18 10:51:07
文章名稱:
浅述太空莲种植技
作者名稱:
罗汉林 ； 杨信杰 ； 毛侦人
資料來源:
農家之友 ； 2008 卷 3B 期 (2008 / 03 / 20) ， P20 - 21
內容摘要:
太空莲是将莲藕种子放进宇宙飞船或人造卫星到太空敖游，利用太空环境中存在的高能离子、微重力、宇宙磁场、超真空等特殊条件，诱使种子基因发生突变，获得的莲藕新品种。太空莲具有花多、花期长、花色艳、莲米结实率高、颗粒大、产量高特点。一般亩产莲籽80-120公斤、莲藕750-1000公斤。
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暑假作業 11253 2014-09-18 10:49:17
文章名稱:
太空育种应用与研究进展
Advances in the Research and Application of Space Breeding
作者名稱:
王俊(Jun Wang) ；
许晓岗(Xiao-Gang Xu) ；
童丽丽(Li-Li Tong)
資料來源:
河北農業科學 ； 13 卷 3 期 (2009 / 03 / 01) ， P68 - 70
內容摘要:
综述了太空育种的研究概况，阐明了太空育种的主要特点及国内外太空育种现状。介绍了太空育种的应用实例，探索了太空育种在木本园林植物育种中的应用范围、途径以及存在问题。揭示了太空育种是未来木本观赏植物育种工作中不可缺少重要组成部分。
The research situation of space breeding are summarized, and its main characteristics and present situation at home and abroad are introdu. The application examples are introduced. The application range, ways and problems of space breeding applied in the woody landscape plants are explored, which is an important part of woody landscape plants breeding.
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